50个Docker面试问答

Docker, 2013 , — , «». , , Google, Amazon VMware Docker , . ? Docker, , .

Docker?

— , , . Docker Docker. , , , , , , .

Docker

Docker — :

• , Docker, . Registry, — , Docker.
• , Docker.
• registry, . , , , Docker Hub Docker Cloud.

Registry

Docker Registry Docker. : Docker Hub Docker Cloud. Docker Hub — , .

Docker

:

Docker

Docker:

• build, Docker
• create,
• kill.
• dockerd, Docker
• commit,

Docker?

Docker — , . , . , , .

Docker Swarm?

Docker Swarm ( swarm mode, . ) — Docker, . Docker .

Docker?

, :

docker ps -a

. .

Docker, Docker run?

Docker — , , , . , . Docker run , , Docker. .

Docker

Docker :

• ;
• , ;
• ;
• ;
• ;
• .

Docker?

, .

— .

— .

— Docker, swarm.

.

Docker: (stateful) (stateless)?

(stateless) Docker, (stateful). . . , . Docker.

Dockerfile?

Dockerfile , Docker. , , , , .

Docker?

:

• bridge, , , .
• none, .
• host, .

, Git

, , :

• Docker build
• Registry
• , Registry
• HTTP(S)

Docker ?

Docker — , . Docker, , , . Docker — , , , .

Docker , . DockerHub, Registry , . — . Docker , .

— ?

Docker , , , — . , . : .

Docker ?

Docker stats Docker events. . stats , . top. events, Docker. : , commit, , .., .

Docker

Docker:

• c Dockerfile, .
• , . — Dockerfile.
• , Registry, .
• . , .

docker run docker create

, . docker create . docker run, --cidfile FILENAME, .

?

, , . , x86, .

? . , — , , .. , (host) , .

:

Registry Repository?

Registry — , DockerHub — Registry . Repository — . , .

JSON YAML docker-compose, — ?

, . , :

docker-compose -f docker-compose.json up

CMD ENTRYPOINT Dockerfile

Dockerfile , . , :

• , CMD ENTRYPOINT, Dockerfile.
• — ENTRYPOINT .
• — CMD .

Linux, Docker

• Docker;
• Docker Hub;
• ;
• , ;
• ;
• ;
• ;
• .

?

, , — . . , , , .., , . :

• , , ;
• , , .

. , / .

Docker, DockerHub, Dockerfile

: , , . . Docker .

DockerHub: . , , , GitHub (Bitbucket), DockerHub. Docker.

Dockerfile: , . . Docker .

Docker client Docker server?

Docker docker version []. , , . , :

docker version --format '{{.Server.Version}}'

Docker Repository

Docker Repository, :

docker login [OPTIONS] [SERVER]

, registry, (), :

$ docker login localhost:8080

Docker

• docker push: Registry;
• docker run: ;
• docker pull: Registry;
• docker start: ;
• docker stop: ;
• docker search: DockerHub;
• docker commit: .

Docker ?

Docker . , . , . .

Docker?

Docker Windows (x86_64), Linux (x86_64, ARM, s390x, ppc64le).

?

, . Docker :

• Off: , ;
• On-failure: , ;
• Unless-stopped: , ;
• Always: , .

:

$ docker run -dit — restart [unless-stopped|off|on-failure|always] [CONTAINER]

Docker?

, , , , — , . , .

Docker

Created — , .

Restarting — .

Running — .

Paused — .

Exited — .

Dead — , , .

, . :

• ;
• ;
• ;
• ;
• ;
• , .

memory-swap

memory-swap , , . , memory. , memory = "400m" memory-swap = "1g", 400 600 (1-400).

Docker?

, Docker ( -Docker ), Docker /var/lib/docker/volumes/. — Docker.

Docker

:

docker -version: Docker;

docker ps: ;

docker ps -a: , , ;

docker exec: ;

docker build: Dockerfile;

docker rm: ;

docker rmi: ;

docker info: Docker, , , , , ..;

docker cp: ;

docker history: .

systemd Docker

Docker Linux systemd. systemctl. , service.

$ sudo systemctl start docker
$ sudo service docker start

, :

$ sudo systemctl enable docker
$ sudo systemctl disable docker

:

$ sudo systemctl edit docker

:

$ journalctl -u docker

Docker

docker-compose scale. :

• n :

$ docker-compose --file docker-compose-run-srvr.yml scale <service_name>=<n>

docker-compose-run-srvr.yml, n , n — .

• :

$ docker ps -a

CNM?

CNM Container Network Model — , , , . CNM : sandbox (), .

Docker?

• Bind mount: ;
• Volume mount: Docker ;
• tmpfs mount: , .

Docker Trusted Registry

Docker. , . DTR CI/CD , . , .

docker_host?

URL unix, API Docker. — unix://var/run/docker.sock

TCP, :

tcp://192.0.1.20:3230

compose ? ?

docker-compose, YAML . . , :

• Dockerfile,
• docker-compose.yml
• docker-compose up

Docker

Docker — -, . . , , , , , , , swarm . , .

Docker. ? .