🤫 💰 🏈 烹饪C ++。烘焙构建系统 🆙 🧕🏽 ✊🏿

你们中的大多数人可能会同意CMake是迄今为止最流行的C / C ++项目构建系统。想象一下，在新项目的项目中看到自己的构建系统-Bake，我感到惊讶。

在本文中，我将描述该系统的主要功能，它与其他类似系统的不同之处，并展示如何将其用于解决程序开发过程中出现的各种问题。

Bake是一个主要针对嵌入式系统的C / C ++项目的跨平台构建系统。Bake用Ruby编写，是开源的，并且仍受支持（自2012年开始开发）

开发人员在创建此解决方案时追求的主要目标：

命令行实用程序（某些编辑器（包括VSCode）支持插件）；
哪个应该只解决一个问题-构建程序；
简单的配置文件-开发人员应该花时间编写代码，而不是汇编文件；
, ;
( , . .).

. Bake Ruby gem. Ruby ( 2.0). gem bake-toolkit rubygems.org:

gem install bake-toolkit

, :

mkdir myapp && cd myapp bake --create exe

bake -a black
**** Building 1 of 1: bake (Main) ****
Compiling bake (Main): src/main.cpp
Linking bake (Main): build/Main/bake
Building done.

-a , bake ( , ANSI).

. , Bake , , . , .

, ( , bake --rebuild):

bake -c
Cleaning done.
bake -v2 -a black
**** Applying 1 of 2: bake (IncludeOnly) ****
**** Building 2 of 2: bake (Main) ****
g++ -c -MD -MF build/Main/src/main.d -Iinclude -o build/Main/src/main.o src/main.cpp
g++ -o build/Main/bake build/Main/src/main.o
Building done.

-v(0-3) output, , 2, .

, :

my_app
|
|-- .bake
     `-- .gitignore
     |-- Default.Project.meta.cache
     |-- Project.meta.cache 
|-- build
     `-- Main
         `-- src
         |    `-- main.cmdline
         |    |-- main.d
         |    |-- main.d.bake
         |    |-- main.o
         |-- .gitignore
         |-- my_app
         |-- my_app.cmdline
|-- Project.meta
|-- include
`-- src
     `-- main.cpp

Project.meta , CMakeLists.txt CMake, . Bake, , . Project.meta .

.bake -, , Bake . . , Bake .gitignore Git.

build . main.o my_app, .cmdline , /. .d.bake header . build , Project.meta, Main , .

Project default: Main {

  RequiredBakeVersion minimum: "2.66.0"
  
  Responsible {
    Person "mdanilov"
  }

  CustomConfig IncludeOnly {
    IncludeDir include, inherit: true
  }

  ExecutableConfig Main {
    Files "src/*/.cpp"
    Dependency config: IncludeOnly
    DefaultToolchain GCC
  }
}

Bake , . , - RText. Bake .

, VSCode extension . IDE .

, Project , . ( Config) - (, bake ). - Config’, 3 - LibraryConfig , ExecutableConfig , ELF , , CustomConfig . , IncludeOnly CustomConfig Main ExecutableConfig, default.

Bake Config include ( CMake include_directories target_include_directories), CustomConfig IncludeOnly, Bake Config.

, IncludeDir include , header . API, , include . inherit , Dependency.

ExecutableConfig , , Files. C Dependency Config, CustomConfig IncludeOnly. , include (. inherit: true ).

DefaultToolchain, Bake - . gcc.

toolchain :

bake --toolchain-names
Available toolchains:
* Diab
* GCC
* CLANG
* CLANG_ANALYZE
* CLANG_BITCODE
* TI
* GreenHills
* Keil
* IAR
* MSVC
* GCC_ENV
* Tasking

Hello world ,

workspace.

, my_app, libA, libB, libC. libB libC, libC . unit libB.

Bake. Project.meta toolchain , Project.meta ( Project.meta , ).

Project.meta Flags. C++, (Linker), C (Compiler C), (Compiler ASM) (Archiver). - GCC toolchain bake --toolchain-info GCC.

Bake Config. ( , . .) CommandLine ( ). , release MakeDir Copy PostSteps.

, ArtifactName , Main .

Bake 3 : , .

;
Set InstallDir bake --set MyVar="Hello world!";

Project.meta :

libA/Project.meta

Project default: Lib {

  CustomConfig IncludeOnly {
    IncludeDir include, inherit: true
  }

  LibraryConfig Lib {
    Files "src/*/.cpp"
    Dependency config: IncludeOnly
    Toolchain {
      Compiler CPP {
        Flags remove: "-O2 -march=native"
      }
    }
  }
}

Bake toolchain Config. libA , DefaultToolchain, .

libB/Project.meta

Project default: Lib {
  CustomConfig IncludeOnly {
    IncludeDir include, inherit: true
  }
	
  LibraryConfig Lib {
    Files "src//.cpp"
    Dependency config: IncludeOnly
    Dependency libC, config: IncludeOnly
  }
  
  ExecutableConfig UnitTest {
    Files "test/src//.cpp"
    Dependency config: Lib
    DefaultToolchain GCC
  }
}

libB , UnitTest. Config , DefaultToolchain ( , UnitTest).

libC/Project.meta

Project default: Lib {
  CustomConfig IncludeOnly {
    IncludeDir include, inherit: true
  }
	
  LibraryConfig Lib {
    ExternalLibrary "libC.a", search: false
    Dependency config: IncludeOnly
  }
}

libC , , ExternalLibrary.

, bake -p <dir>, dir (libA, libB, ..).

1) Bake, , -j . , . 1 : bake -j 1

2) compile_commands.json. bake --compile-db compile_commands.json

3) . bake --prebuild, Config, , Config . Project.meta :

Prebuild {
  Except <project>, config: <config>
  ...
}

, SDK, , , .

SDK, , , API, Except . SDK bake --prebuild.

4) bakery. UnitTest bakery -b AllUnitTests, Collection.meta, bakery Config :

Collection AllUnitTests {
  Project "*", config: UnitTest
}

5) . bake --dot DependencyGraph.dot :

6) JSON incudes defines bake --incs-and-defs=json :

"myapp": {
  "includes": [
    "libA/include",
    "libB/include",
    "libC/include"
  ],
  "cppdefines": [],
  "c_defines": [],
  "asm_defines": [],
  "dir": "/Users/mdanilov/Work/my_app"
}

Adaptions Bake

Adaptions Bake. , , , .

Project.meta, Adapt.meta ( ). . , --adapt.

. , gcc ( DefaultToolchain GCC) Clang , Project.meta. Bake, Adapt.meta:

Adapt {
  ExecutableConfig __MAIN__, project: __MAIN__, type: replace {
    DefaultToolchain CLANG
  }
}

, (replace) DefaultToolchain Config , __MAIN__ .

: Adapt.meta , Bake ( Project.meta).

clang, bake --adapt clang , Clang.

__ALL__, . . , replace, remove, extend push_front. , , .

, --adapt .

Adapt toolchain: GCC, os: Windows {
  …
}

GCC Windows. Adapt If ( Unless, ) .

, , C/C++.

, Bake , . , Bake. , , .

但是，如果我用C / C ++编写用于构建的下一个应用程序，则可能仍将使用CMake。好吧，因为它是CMake :)

烹饪C ++。烘焙构建系统

Hello world ,

Adaptions Bake

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