JavaFX：控制器类和fx：FXML中的id

在我看来，许多有用的文章都是没有道理的，不仅在开始使用JavaFX时没有对最紧迫的问题只说几句话，而且专心致志，仍然没有完全公开它。问题如下：如何通过节点的fx：id和您的代码进行通信。您如何在代码的不同部分中使用它们来引用您的API？这是我将在削减下尝试回答的问题

什么是FX：ID及其与之一起食用

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, "hello world":

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.layout.Pane?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<Pane xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/1.8.0.261" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="Main">
    <Button fx:id="fxButton" text="clickMe" onAction="#click"/>
</Pane>

public class Main extends Application {
    @FXML
    public Button fxButton;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("YourFXML.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

    public void click(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
        System.out.println("Hello World");
        fxButton.setText("Hey!");
    }
}

. , FXML Pane, Button, fx:id="fxButton", , - onAction="#click". click .

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, , , click , . start(), , fxButton (/ , , fx:id):

public class Main extends Application {
    @FXML
    public Button fxButton;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("YourFXML.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
        primaryStage.show();
        //  ,      (  ):
        fxButton.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, mouseEvent -> System.out.println("Hello World"));
    }
}

IDE

, , , . , FXML , , click , fx:id.

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IDE, , IDEA, , ( FXML Controller, Main ). . , , Main , , .

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, , . , . , , , . , . javaFX, .

FXML. .

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<Pane xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/1.8.261" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="Controller">
    <VBox layoutX="14.0" prefHeight="50.0" prefWidth="50.0">
        <Button fx:id="fxButton" onAction="#click" text="clickMe" />
        <Label fx:id="labelFx" minHeight="17.0" minWidth="185.0" text="label" />
    </VBox>
</Pane>

Main. , , FXML

public class Main extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("YourFXML.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
        primaryStage.show();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

Controller. FXML java .

public class Controller extends View implements Initializable {
    @FXML
    private Button fxButton;
    @FXML
    private Label labelFx;
    @FXML
    Label localLabel;
    @FXML
    public void click(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
        System.out.println("Hello World");
        fxButton.setText("Hey!");
        labelLocalInitialize();
    }

    private void labelLocalInitialize(){
        localLabel = labelFx;
        localLabel.setText("local variable control");
    }

    @Override
    public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
        //      View  labelFx
        setViewLabelFxText("transfer of control in View \"labelFx\" variable");
        //  ,     ,    
        fxButton.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, mouseEvent -> System.out.println("Listener triggered"));
    }
}

View. , .

public class View {
    @FXML
    private Label labelFx;

    public void setViewLabelFxText(String text){
        labelFx.setText(text);
    }
}

View , fx:id.

1. FXML .

   
   
   

2. id node , node fx:id.

   
   
   

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FXML labelFx, initialize() , , .

:



"Hello World", "Hey!", labelLocalInitialize(), labelFx. , labelFx .

:

• initialize(), node fx:id. node, FXML. Controller View fx:id
• onAction ( ) FXML, , , click, , initialize
• fx:id , View, , View.
• JavaFX FXML Controller, Main. , . , FXML. . , FXML , , .
• Main.java — , FXML. , .
• Controller.java — , java FXML . , . fx:id, , .

在上面的某个地方，我说过javaFX中有魔术。它从View类开始。似乎可以从控制器继承类以使用id来工作是很明显的，但是相反的事情发生了。如果有见识的人在评论中揭开保密的面纱，我将不胜感激。