解决C ++结构和json之间的映射问题的先前版本看起来像第一个薄饼-块状。幸运的是，开发是一个反复的过程，在第一个版本之后总会有第二个版本。注释（感谢所有人）和第一个煎饼中的孔分析进行了一些改进。

什么不好

不可能使用普通的C ++结构（包括已经存在的结构）。必须以特殊方式从头开始定义所有结构
Json对象只能映射到特殊定义的结构
Json数组只能映射到特殊类
无法使用Stl容器
宏仅是必需的（没有它们也是可能的，但是用于设置字段的方法的注册与这些字段的初始化严格地结合在一起，因此，如果没有宏，则结构的定义是不可读的）
显示器无法以任何方式进行配置，即无法设置，例如默认值或值限制

现在如何

将参与显示的字段的注册不再与该结构绑定。要注册，请使用功能

reg(V T::* ptr, std::string const & name, Options<U>&& ... options);

ptr -指向字段的指针
name -栏位名称
options - 显示选项

以下可以用作字段类型：

布尔
char，unsigned char，short，unsigned short，int unsigned int，long，long long
浮点双
std ::字符串
std ::列表
性病::矢量
std::map ( std::string)
std::unordered_map ( std::string)
std::multimap ( std::string)
std::unordered_multimap ( std::string)
++

struct Friend {
 std::string name;
 std::list<int> counters;
};

struct MiB {
 std::list<Friend> friends;
 std::vector<std::list<std::string>> groups;
 std::map<std::string, std::vector<std::string>> books;
};

struct_mapping::reg(&Friend::name, "name");
struct_mapping::reg(&Friend::counters, "counters");

struct_mapping::reg(&MiB::friends, "friends");
struct_mapping::reg(&MiB::groups, "groups");
struct_mapping::reg(&MiB::books, "books");

, ,

map_json_to_struct(T & result_struct, std::basic_istream<char> & json_data);

result_struct —
json_data — json

. .

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

#include "struct_mapping/struct_mapping.h"

struct Planet {
 bool giant;
 long long surface_area;
 double mass;
 std::string satellite;
};

int main() {
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::giant, "giant");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::surface_area, "surface_area");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::mass, "mass");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::satellite, "satellite");

 Planet earth;

 std::istringstream json_data(R"json(
  {
   "giant": false,
   "surface_area": 510072000000000,
   "mass": 5.97237e24,
   "satellite": "Moon"
  }
 )json");

 struct_mapping::map_json_to_struct(earth, json_data);

 std::cout << "earth" << std::endl;
 std::cout << " giant        : " << std::boolalpha << earth.giant << std::endl;
 std::cout << " surface_area : " << earth.surface_area << std::endl;
 std::cout << " mass         : " << earth.mass << std::endl;
 std::cout << " satellite    : " << earth.satellite << std::endl;
}

earth
 giant        : false
 surface_area : 510072000000000
 mass         : 5.97237e+24
 satellite    : Moon

, json . , :

MemberString::set(From function_from_string_, To function_to_string_);

function_from_string_ —
function_to_string_ —

enum class Color {
 red,
 blue,
 green,
};

struct_mapping::MemberString<Color>::set(
 [] (const std::string & value) {
  if (value == "red") return Color::red;
  if (value == "green") return Color::green;
  if (value == "blue") return Color::blue;

  throw struct_mapping::StructMappingException("bad convert '"+value+"' to Color");
 },
 [] (Color value) {
  switch (value) {
  case Color::red: return "red";
  case Color::green: return "green";
  default: return "blue";
  }
 });

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

#include "struct_mapping/struct_mapping.h"

namespace sm = struct_mapping;

enum class Color {
 red,
 blue,
 green,
};

Color color_from_string(const std::string & value) {
 if (value == "red") return Color::red;
 if (value == "blue") return Color::blue;

 return Color::green;
}

std::string color_to_string(Color color) {
 switch (color) {
 case Color::red: return "red";
 case Color::green: return "green";
 default: return "blue";
 }
}

struct Palette {
 Color main_color;
 Color background_color;
 std::list<Color> special_colors;
 std::map<std::string, Color> colors;

 friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, const Palette & o) {
  os << "main_color       : " << color_to_string(o.main_color) << std::endl;
  os << "background_color : " << color_to_string(o.background_color) << std::endl;
  os << "special_colors   : ";
  for (auto color : o.special_colors)
   os << color_to_string(color) << ", ";
  os << std::endl << "colors           : ";
  for (auto [name, color] : o.colors)
   os << "[" << name << ", " << color_to_string(color) << "], ";
  os << std::endl;

  return os;
 }
};

int main() {
 sm::MemberString<Color>::set(color_from_string, color_to_string);

 sm::reg(&Palette::main_color, "main_color", sm::Required{});
 sm::reg(&Palette::background_color, "background_color", sm::Default{Color::blue});
 sm::reg(&Palette::special_colors, "special_colors");
 sm::reg(&Palette::colors, "colors");

 Palette palette;

 std::istringstream json_data(R"json(
 {
  "main_color": "green",
  "special_colors": ["green", "green", "red"],
  "colors": {
   "dark": "green",
   "light": "red",
   "neutral": "blue"
  }
 }
 )json");

 sm::map_json_to_struct(palette, json_data);

 std::cout << palette << std::endl;
}

main_color       : green
background_color : blue
special_colors   : green, green, red, 
colors           : [dark, green], [light, red], [neutral, blue],

Bounds
Default
NotEmpty
Required

Bounds

, ( ) . . — . .

Bounds{ ,  }

reg(&Stage::engine_count, "engine_count", Bounds{1, 31});

Default

. bool, , , , , ++ . — .

Default{  }

reg(&Stage::engine_count, "engine_count", Default{3});

NotEmpty

, . . . , .

reg(&Spacecraft::name, "name", NotEmpty{}));

Required

, . bool, , , , , ++ . . , .

reg(&Spacecraft::name, "name", Required{}));

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

#include "struct_mapping/struct_mapping.h"

namespace sm = struct_mapping;

struct Stage {
 unsigned short engine_count;
 std::string fuel;
 long length;

 friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, const Stage & o) {
  os << "  engine_count : " << o.engine_count << std::endl;
  os << "  fuel         : " << o.fuel << std::endl;
  os << "  length       : " << o.length << std::endl;

  return os;
 }
};

struct Spacecraft {
 bool in_development;
 std::string name;
 int mass;
 std::map<std::string, Stage> stages;
 std::list<std::string> crew;

 friend std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream & os, const Spacecraft & o) {
  os << "in_development : " << std::boolalpha << o.in_development << std::endl;
  os << "name           : " << o.name << std::endl;
  os << "mass           : " << o.mass << std::endl;
  os << "stages: " << std::endl;
  for (auto& s : o.stages) os << " " << s.first << std::endl << s.second;
  os << "crew: " << std::endl;
  for (auto& p : o.crew) os << " " << p << std::endl;

  return os;
 }
};

int main() {
 sm::reg(&Stage::engine_count, "engine_count", sm::Default{6}, sm::Bounds{1, 31});
 sm::reg(&Stage::fuel, "fuel", sm::Default{"subcooled"});
 sm::reg(&Stage::length, "length", sm::Default{50});

 sm::reg(&Spacecraft::in_development, "in_development", sm::Required{});
 sm::reg(&Spacecraft::name, "name", sm::NotEmpty{});
 sm::reg(&Spacecraft::mass, "mass",
  sm::Default{5000000}, sm::Bounds{100000, 10000000});
 sm::reg(&Spacecraft::stages, "stages", sm::NotEmpty{});
 sm::reg(&Spacecraft::crew, "crew",
  sm::Default{std::list<std::string>{"Arthur", "Ford", "Marvin"}});

 Spacecraft starship;

 std::istringstream json_data(R"json(
 {
  "in_development": false,
  "name": "Vostok",
  "stages": {
   "first": {
    "engine_count": 31,
    "fuel": "compressed gas",
    "length": 70
   },
   "second": {}
  }
 }
 )json");

 sm::map_json_to_struct(starship, json_data);

 std::cout << starship << std::endl;
}

in_development : false
name           : Vostok
mass           : 5000000
stages: 
 first
  engine_count : 31
  fuel         : compressed gas
  length       : 70
 second
  engine_count : 6
  fuel         : subcooled
  length       : 50
crew: 
 Arthur
 Ford
 Marvin

c++ json

json , ,

reg(V T::* ptr, std::string const & name, Options<U>&& ... options);

map_struct_to_json(T & source_struct, std::basic_ostream<char> & json_data, std::string indent);

source_struct —
json_data — json
indent — ( , )

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

#include "struct_mapping/struct_mapping.h"

struct OceanPart {
 std::string name;
 double average_depth;
 std::vector<int> temperature;
};

struct OceanColor {
 std::string name;
};

struct Ocean {
 double water_volume;
 long long surface_area;
 bool liquid;
 std::string name;

 OceanColor color;

 std::vector<OceanPart> parts;
};

struct Planet {
 bool giant;
 long long surface_area;
 double mass;
 double volume;
 long long orbital_period;
 std::string name;
 bool terrestrial;
 std::string shape;

 Ocean ocean;
};

int main() {
 struct_mapping::reg(&OceanPart::name, "name");
 struct_mapping::reg(&OceanPart::average_depth, "average_depth");
 struct_mapping::reg(&OceanPart::temperature, "temperature");

 struct_mapping::reg(&OceanColor::name, "name");

 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::water_volume, "water_volume");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::surface_area, "surface_area");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::liquid, "liquid");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::name, "name");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::color, "color");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Ocean::parts, "parts");

 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::giant, "giant");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::surface_area, "surface_area");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::mass, "mass");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::volume, "volume");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::orbital_period, "orbital_period");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::name, "name");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::terrestrial, "terrestrial");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::shape, "shape");
 struct_mapping::reg(&Planet::ocean, "ocean");

 Planet earth;

 earth.giant = false;
 earth.terrestrial = true;
 earth.surface_area = 510072000;
 earth.orbital_period = 365 * 24 * 3600;
 earth.mass = 5.97237e24;
 earth.name = "Terra";
 earth.volume = 1.08321e12;
 earth.shape = "nearly spherical";

 earth.ocean.water_volume = 1332000000;
 earth.ocean.surface_area = 361132000;
 earth.ocean.liquid = true;
 earth.ocean.name = "World Ocean";
 earth.ocean.color.name = "blue";

 OceanPart pacific;
 pacific.name = "Pacific Ocean";
 pacific.average_depth = 4.280111;
 pacific.temperature = std::vector<int>{-3, 5, 12};

 OceanPart atlantic;
 atlantic.name = "Atlantic Ocean";
 atlantic.average_depth = 3.646;
 atlantic.temperature = std::vector<int>{-3, 0};

 earth.ocean.parts.push_back(pacific);
 earth.ocean.parts.push_back(atlantic);

 std::ostringstream json_data;
 struct_mapping::map_struct_to_json(earth, json_data, "  ");

 std::cout << json_data.str() << std::endl;
}

{
  "giant": false,
  "surface_area": 510072000,
  "mass": 5.97237e+24,
  "volume": 1.08321e+12,
  "orbital_period": 31536000,
  "name": "Terra",
  "terrestrial": true,
  "shape": "nearly spherical",
  "ocean": {
    "water_volume": 1.332e+09,
    "surface_area": 361132000,
    "liquid": true,
    "name": "World Ocean",
    "color": {
      "name": "blue"
    },
    "parts": [
      {
        "name": "Pacific Ocean",
        "average_depth": 4.28011,
        "temperature": [
          -3,
          5,
          12
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "Atlantic Ocean",
        "average_depth": 3.646,
        "temperature": [
          -3,
          0
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

++ ( )
Json对象既可以映射到特殊定义的结构（这种可能性仍然存在），也可以映射到普通结构
Json数组可以映射到std :: vector和std :: list。尚未完全形成对可以在其上映射数组的容器的一般要求。
可以将json对象映射到关联容器，但前提条件是键必须为字符串。容器以及阵列的一般要求尚未完全形成。
宏是不必要的，当然也没有必要。在注册过程中，结合字段初始化，仍然可以使用它们（作为一种选择）。但是很可能会被削减。
可以使用选项自定义显示

该库可在GitHub上获得

将json格式的数据映射到c ++结构并返回（处理错误）